Mandarin
language
Grammar and stucture
语法
Yǔfǎ
v shì是 : we use (shì) in mandarin
same like we use tobe in english.
比如 : wǒ shì xuésheng
我是学生
I am a student
v dì 第 : we often use (dì) to
show sequence or to arrange like the first ,
the second and else .
比如
: dì yī , dì èr , hé bié de
第
一, 第二 , 和别的
The first , the second and else
v lí 离 : in mandarin we use (lí)
to compare the first sentence and the second
one.
比如 : nà ge nǚ rén liǎn lí Ānnà
xiǎojie liǎn
hěn měilì
那个女人脸离安娜小姐脸很美丽
Miss anna more beautiful than
that’s woman
v bǐ 比
: we
also can use (bǐ) to compare something that we more
like it.
比如 : wǒ xǐhuan lánsè bǐ hóngsè
我喜欢蓝色比红色
I like blue color than red color
v zuì 最 : grammar mandarin how to
use (zuì) we use that one like we use
superlative in english.
比如 : wǒ zuì cōngming zài
Hànyǔ
我最聪明在汉语
I am more clever in mandarin
language
v lǐ 里
: this’s
completment the function is showing the things inside of that ,
and use that behind of the object.
比如 : wǒ shū bāolǐ
我书包里
My book in the bag
v lǐmiàn 里面 : 里面 (lǐmiàn) we use that one to give improve about
exactly the
position of the thing we talk . and we put
that before
the object
比如 : wǒ yuànwàng zǒngshì lǐmiàn wǒ xīnli
我愿望总是里面我心里
My dream always in my heart
v chūmiàn出面 : this’s grammar we often use to give the clue where
is the thing .? we wanna find it.
比如 : tāmen qù chūmiàn wǒ jiā
他们去出面我家
They go to outside of my house
v hòumian后面 : this’s completment th function is same like
2
grammar in upstair from it. But the
meaning is
defferent , this’s completment the meaning is
behind.
比如 : nà ge fángzi yǒu hòumian chuān
那个房子有后面川
That’s a house behind of river
v qiánmiàn前面 :the clue is showing the object. And
the meaning is
in front of.
比如 : nǐ diànnǎo
qiánmiàn wǒ xiǎoshuō
你电脑前面我小说
Your notebook in front of my novel
v háishì还是 : háishì the meaning is or , still , and , but . and we use
that to connect the first sentence to
the second.
比如 : wǒ háishì bù míngbai nǐ yìsi
我还是 不
明白你意思
I still dont know what do you
mean
v rúguǒ如果 :this’s
expresstion we use when we do something
and we suppose the result in future
from what we do
from what we
do before ( supposition ).
比如 : rúguǒ wǒ yǒu hěn duō qián , wǒ yào sòng gěi nǐ
如果我
有很多钱 , 我要送给你
if i have much money , I want to give
to you
v
zhèngzài正在
: this
from in english we are called present continious.
And we’re also can abbreviating zhèngzài to be (zài) in writen and spoken. 比如 : wǒ zhèngzài / zài dǎsǎo
我正在
/ 在
打扫
I am sweeping
v
jiāngyào 将要 :that expresstion we also use in english as will or
shall.
We also can use (jiāng) in writen and spoken
but both
of them correct.
比如 : wǒ jiāngyào / jiāng fēnsòng shūzhá
我将要 / 将分送书札
I will send a letter
v
dāng 当 : dāng (when) useful is telling something it was happening
at once.
比如 : dāng wǒ chī, wǒ tīng mǒuwù
当我吃,我听某物
When I eat , I hear something
v dànshì 但是 :this expresstion is conjuction /
subordinating
in sentence.
比如 : wǒ míngbai nǐ yìsi, dànshì wǒ bù zhīdao zài nàr
我明白你意思, 但是我
不知道在那儿
I know what do you mean, but I
don’t know where
v yīnwèi因为 :the function is saying the reason ( to
tell the problem).
比如 : yīnwèi wǒ dùzi tòng
因为 我肚子痛
I got stomach bug
v ránhòu 然后 :that one is the word , it’s using to tell what we wanna do when I’ve done. So that mean (after) or to
say step by step.
v 比如 : nǐ xǐdí nǐ shǒu , ránhòu nǐ chī
你洗涤你手, 然后你吃
After you wash your hand, you may eat
v Gēn跟 : Gēn in mandarin same like preposition in
english and the
Function is same as predicate in sentence.
比如 : wǒ gēn māma yào qù Déguó
我跟妈妈要去德国
I wanna go to Germany with mama
v Hé 和 :this expresstion we using to conect
word and sentence to
Another word and sentence.
比如 : wǒ hé māma yào chīfàn
我和妈妈要吃饭
I and my mom want to eat a meal
v Suǒyǐ 所以 :this expresstion we’re
using to say the result from what
We do.?
比如
: wǒ lǎn xuéxí Yīngyǔ
Suǒyǐ wǒ bù kěyǐ shuō Yīngyǔ
我嬾学习英语所以我不可以说英语
I am lazy studying english
language so I cant speak english
v Yě 也 : that expresstion mean is also. And we use in front of subject
That mean we put it after the subject.
比如 : wǒ yě yào
我也要
I want too
v Zhēn 真 :that completment we’re often using to show more
expresstion
Like really.
比如 : wǒ Zhēn xǐhuan
我真喜欢
I really like
